Engine



March 23,1926. 1,578,199

BY n J mw* LATTORNEYS Patented Mar. E3,

isiaisa GEORGE MATZ, 0F NEW vom; N. Y.

ENGINE.

Application filed May 26, 1925. Serial No. 32,881.

To @ZZ whomy it conc-cm:

Be it known that l, Gnoncii Mara, a citizen ot Russia7 and a resident 'ot New York city, Bronx County, and State or" New York, United States of America, have invented certain new and useiiul improvements in Engines, of which the ollowiug is a specification. p

This invention relates to engines.

ylhe invention has for its salient object to provide an engine and valve mechanism therefor that is similar and practical in construction, comprises few parts and will be eiiicient in operation.

Another object of the invention is to provide an engine in which the valve mechanism is carried by and movable with the piston. y

Further objects of the invention will ap pear from the following,` specification taken in connection with the drawings which torni a part ot this application, and in which Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation ot an engine constructed iii accordaiicerwith the inven` tion.

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional elevation of the construction shown in Fig. 1, and

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view 'showing' in section the groove-d portion ot one ot the valves.

The invention biieliy described comprises a cylinder, a. piston within the cylinder coniprising a pair of disks secured to a piston rod in spaced relation. rllhe cylinder has an inlet port intermediate the ends thereolz for admitting` motive fluid, such as steam, to the cylinder and this motive fluid is admitted to .the cylinder between the piston disks which form the heads of the piston. The motive Huid is admitted from the space between the piston disks into the two ends of the cylinder by means oi" valves slidablyniounted iii the piston and adapted to engage the ends or heads ot the cylinder. n n exhaust port is provided at each end ot the cylinc er and the passage ot the motive fluid through these ports is controlled by valves also carried by and movable with the piston. Further details of the invention will appear from the following description.

ltwill be understood that as many cyl.

inders as desired may be utilized in the engine, but in the embodiment of the inven-A tion shown a single cylinder is illustrated. rl`his cylinder comprises the usual cylindrical body porti-ons 10,v closed at its ends by cy- 'substantially to the length of stroke liiidrical heads 11 and 12. An inlet port 13 communicates with the cylinder intermedia'tefthe ends thereof, this port always reniainiiig open. i

'A piston is mounted in the cylinder and comprises a pair of disks or heads 15 and 16 secured iii spaced `relation toa piston rod 1T which extends through a stalling bof; 18 on the cylindrical head 11. ln the torni 'ot the invention shown, the piston disks 15 and 16 are secured against collars 19 and 2G i'oiined on the piston rod, the dis is being held iii place on conical seats 21 by nuts 22.

The disks 15 and 16 are provided with alined openings 25 and 26 which receive valve stein 27Vhaving longitudinally grooved eiid portions 28 and 29. Stop collars 3G and 31 are carried by the valve stein 27 for liiniting the movement of the valve stein through the openings 25 and 26.

The ends of tlievalve stein 2"? ae adapted to engage the cylindricalheads 11 and 12 as the piston moves from one end oli the cylinder to the other and the engagement oi" the ends of the valve stern with the cylindrical heads causes the valve stein dinally iii the piston heads, thus automatically opening and closing the passages and 26 through the piston head i In order tc absorb the shock et the impact ot the ends of the valve with the cylii l heads 11 and 12, these heads are pi with cushions or shock absorbing` d' disposed in alinemeiit with 'the valve in, These devices may be of any desired form or shape and inthe particular `torni illustrated each device comprises a plurality ot vwashers 45 disposed in a recess a@ in the end of the cylinder. These washers may be formed of asbestos or any other desired niaterial adapted to cushion the impact ot the valve. The washers a5 may, if desirel mounted on a spindle a? which is sli supported in acage d8.

It willbe noted that the diei.v4 are spaced apart a distance conesnondin' piston so that the inlet por 13 alway niunicates with the spacebetween the pifton disks or heads. llitli the parts in the po tionshown, steam or other motive iluid i4 being admitted to the right hand end of the cylinder and will continue to be admitted to this .end of the cylinder until the end 28 ot the valve engagesthe cylindrical head 12, whereupon the groove'd portion 29 ofthe to move iongitiilofi Valve stem'will be forced through the disk 16 and the central portion of the valve stem which is cylindrical will stop the passage ot fluid to the right hand end ot the cylinder. At the same time the grooved portion 28 will be positioned within the opening 25, thus permitting the passage or' lui-d to the left hand end of the cylinder.

An exhaust port is provided in each ol" the cylinder heads, these ports in the heads 11 and 12 being indicated as and The ports 32 and 33 are cylindrical and communicate with conical seats 3l at their inner ends. The exhaust ports are controlled by a valve stein or rod having a valve 'torn/led on each end thereot. Each valve consists ot a grooved outer portion 36, a cylindrical intermediate port-ion 3T, and a conical portion 38.

llVith the parts of the engine in the position illustrated, the exhaust port 32 is open, and therefore the lett hand portion of thc cylinder communicates by means ot the grooves 36 with the atmosphere. The valve at the right hand end ot the valve stem or rod is closed and the cylindrical portion Si' ythereof registers with the cylindrical port 33 and the conical portion 3S of the valve registers with the conical seat 34. lVhen the piston has moved to the lett a suilicient distance, the disk 15 will engage a collar 40 and close the lett hand valve and move the valve stem 0r rod to the lett, thus opening the right hand exhaust valve.

It will of course be understood that in manufacturing the engine above described the nut 22 can be countersunk in the piston head 16 and the exhaust valve can seat in the cylinder head so that the clearance space will be reduced to a minimum.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that the piston will be alternately moved from one end to the other ot the cylinder, the inlet and exhaust valves being actuated by the movement ot the piston, no extraneous valve shafts or other complicated connecting arts being necessary.

Although one specific embodiment ot the invention has been particularly shown and described, it will he understood that the invention is capable of modification and that changes in the construction and in the arrangement of the various cooperating parts may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, as expressed in the following claims.

lNhat l claim is: A

1. An engine comprising a cylinder. a piston comprising a pair of spaced disks, an intake port in the cylinder intermediate the ends thereot and adapted to admit motive fluid to the cylinder intermediate the piston disks. exhaust ports in'said cylinder, a valve carried by the piston disks and movable with and relatively to the piston for controlling the admission of the motive lluid from the space between the piston disks to the ends ot' the cylinder, a valve stem carried by the piston and valves at the ends of said stem ior controlling the exhaust ports.

An engine comprising a cylinder, a piston therein comprising two heads spaced apart, an inlet port located intermediate the ends ot the cylinder and adapted to admit motive fluid to the space between the piston heads in all positions of movement ot the piston, a valve slidabiy mounted in the piston and having longitudinal grooves adjacent each end thereof adapted to establish communication between the space between the piston heads and the two ends oi the cylinder and a valve stem carried by said piston and having grooves at the ends thereolf adapted to permit the exhaust of the `lluid from the ends ot the cylinder.

An engine comprising a cylinder, a lpiston therein comprising two heads spaced apart, an inlet port located intermediate the ends ot the cylinder and adapted to admit motive fluid to the'space between the piston heads in all positions of movement ot vthe piston, a valve slidably mounted in the piston and adapted to establish communication between the space between the piston heads and the two ends ot the cylinder, the ends ot said valve being engageable with the cylinder heads, exhaust ports in said cylinder heads and a valve rod carried by said piston and having at its ends valves adapted to coact with and control said exnaust ports.

a. An engine comprising a cylinder, a piston therein, means including the piston :tor admitting motive fluid to the cylinder, an exhaust port at one end oithe cylinder having a cylindrical wall and a conical seat, a valve having a grooved portion at one end for permitting the passage of the motive fluid through the exhaust port, a cylindrical portion at one end ot the grooved. portion tor closing said port and having a conical portion at the other end of the cylindrical portion adapted to seat on the conical seat of the exhaust port. l

5. An engine comprising a cylinder, a piston therein, means for admitting mot-ive fluid to the cylinder, an exhaust port at one end ot the cylinder having a cylindrical wall and a conical seat, a valve having a grooved portion at one end for Vpermitting the passage of the motive fluid through the exhaust port, a cyindrical portion at one end ot the grooved portion tor closing said port and having a conical portion at the other end of the cylindrical portion adapted to seat on the conical seat ofthe exhaust port.

6. An engine comprising a cylinder, a piston therein, means including the piston for admitting motive fluid to thecylinder, an exhaust port at each end ot the cylinder having a cylindrical wall and a conical seat,

llO

a valve for each exhaust port having a grooved portion at one end for permitting the passage et the motive fluid through the exhaust port, a cylindrical portion at one cnil of the grooved portion for closing said port and having a. conical portion at the other1 end of the cylindrical portion adapted to seat on the conical seat of the exhaust port. o

7. An engine comprising a cylinder, a piston therein, means including the pistonfor admitting motive fluid to the c-ylindeigan exhaust port at cach end of the cylinder having a cylindrical Wall and a conical seat, a piston controlled valve for each exhaust port having a groovecl portion at one end for permitting the passage of the motive fluid through the exhaustport, a cylindrical portion at one end of the grooved portion for closing said port and having a conical portion atthe other end of the cylindrical portion adapted to seat on the conical seat of the exhaust port.

In kWitness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 25th day of May, 1925.

- GEORGE MATZ. 

